Collection And Identification Of The Family Ichneumonidae Of Dir Kohistan

INTRODUCTION order Hymenoptera is one of the four largest orders of insects, along with Coleoptera, Diptera, and Lepidoptera, with individually of these orders containing everyplace 100,000 described species worldwide (Mason and Huber, 1993). Gauld and Bolton characterize adult Hymenoptera as having two pairs of membranous wings, lepismatid ovipositors in females, and prominent antennae. Haplo-diploid sexual activity finish is common to most Hymenoptera. This type of sex determination has the returns of allowing a female to choose the sex of her progeny, as advantageously as preventing lethal recessive mutations from being masked in males (Gauld and Bolton, 1988). Hymenoptera is divided into two suborders: Symphyta, the sawflies and horntails, and the much larger suborder, Apocrita, which contains ants, bees, and wasps. The larvae of Symphyta are generally caterpillar like and use legs to crawl nigh on plants, while the larvae of Apocrita are generally legless and gr ub-like. The suborder Apocrita is often divided further into the groups Aculeata and Parasitica. Aculeata consists of stinging Hymenoptera such as ants, bees, and some wasps, while Parasitica contains the many groups of parasitic wasps. One of the extremely families contained within Parasitica is Ichneumonoidea.

This super family is further divided into two families, the family family family family Ichneumonidae and Ichneumonidae, which are the two largest families in the Hymenoptera (Wahl and Sharkey, 1993). With an estimated 60,000 species worldwide (Townes 1969; Gauld and Bolton 1988; Wahl and Sharkey 1993), Ichneumonidae is the largest family of Hyme! noptera and one of the largest families of insects. Gauld (1997) currently divides family Ichneumonidae into 37 subfamilies, although this twist has varied greatly over the past few decades and is softened debated in the taxonomic community. Ichneumonids are very common worldwide, having been tranquil as far north as 80º N latitude. They are known to occur in all vegetated rule habitats in Costa Rica....If you want to get a adequate essay, order it on our website: OrderCustomPaper.com

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