Conflict in the Emerald Isle Essay -- Ireland Politics Political Gover

Conflict in the Emerald Isle The island of Ireland is known for many things St. Patricks Day, its parking lot landscape, music, beer, and discord. The heart of this conflict began centuries ago, when Britain came over and forced Protestantism on the Irish Catholic inhabitants. There has always been hatred between the Irish Protestants and Catholics. The island is broken up into to explicit regions. The Republic of Ireland consists of 26 counties, which make up the southern region. This area is predominantly Roman Catholic. Northern Ireland is made up of the 6 northern counties, which are downstairs British rule. This area is predominately Protestant. The conflict between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland is based on both religious and political views. Ireland is a relatively small island remove the coast of Great Britain its land area is 32,424 square miles (Delaney 2). When you think of Ireland you most likely think of shamrocks, St. Pa trick, and Guinness beer. Another thing that may come to mind is the agitate between the Catholics and Protestants. The tension between these two theologys goes back to the seventeenth century when William of Orange defeated James of England on July 12, 1690, hereby ensuring a Protestant command in Ireland (Coogan 4). This date is very important to the Protestants in Ireland and is celebrated annually. This was not accepted by many of the Catholic inhabitants. This was their home and Dodd 2Catholicism was their religion and they didnt like Great Britain coming in and forcing Protestantism on them. Then parliament passed The Act of Union in 1800, which ... ...onal interview. 5 March 2002.Coogan, Tim Pat. The IRA A History. Niwot, Co Roberts Rinehart Publishers, 1994.Delaney, Mary Murray. Of Irish Ways. New York Harper and Row Publishers, 1973.Fraser, T.G. Ireland in Conflict 1922-1998. Lon don Routledge, 2000.Golway, Terry. For The Cause of Liberty. New York Simon and Schuster, 2000.Ito, Tim and Aileen Yoo. Irelands Troubled History. The capital of the United States Post.Com. 1998. The Washington Post Company. March 12, 2002 http//www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/nireland/overview.htmO Malley, Padraig. The Uncivil Wars Ireland Today. Boston Houghton Millflin Company, 1983.Wolf, Dr. Charles. 1908-16 Sinn Fein Propaganda Labels. Rare Books and Special Collections. 2000. University of Notre Dame. March 12, 2002http//www.rarebooks.nd.edu/digital/stamps/irish/set4L/set4L.html

jeff dahmer :: essays research papers

Its the first week of February and jury selection has begun. Nearly 450 press passes hasten been distributed to ab let on 100 media outlets from around the world -- from Spain to England to Akron, Ohio.Even when psychologist Judith Becker recounts his lonely and sometimes tragic childhood, Dahmer doesnt show a moist eye. But Beckers anecdotes of the killers pathetic youth look to move the audition. She tells of how Dahmer, as a young boy, found a snake and took it to his garage to keep as a pet. The snake, though, wound itself around the spokes of Dahmers bike and at one time he went for a ride, the new-found pet was killed. Becker says Dahmer wondered why, of all places, the snake had to go into the spokes and lose its life. A wave of sympathy for the boy Dahmer seems to pass over the spectator section. The audience is snapped out of any sympathetic mindset when the psychologist goes on to tell how young Jeffrey encouraged a childhood friend to put his hand in a hornets nest. T here are only ladybugs in there, Dahmer assured the boy. The friend did what he was told by Dahmer and, of course. was stung. The anecdote prompts Channel 12 reporter Angle Moreschi to let out the loudest guffaw of the courtroom. Even the families of the victims who pack the spectator seats seemed moved by Dahmers childhood memories, as told by the psychologist. Their sympathy isnt for the killer, though, but for his parents. At days end, many of them strait up to the Dahmers and talk briefly. As they leave, some of the victims relatives grab Mr. and Mrs. Dahmer and hug. Lionel and Shari Dahmer sit in the back row, the husband in the aisle seat. They often hold hands during the attempt Mrs. Dahmer, though, sometimes takes notes. For what? Who knows. One afternoon, the defendants stepmother decides to do her nails and its enough of a routine change that television cameras capture the "event." The Dahmers try their best to avoid contact with the media and, surprisingly, the reporters oblige zilch hounds them for comment. "You could just see how pained his father felt about this," observes one reporter of Lionel Dahmer. While being taken from his cell to the courtroom each day, Dahmer says precise to his escorts, if anything. In time, the deputies begin to carry on as if the prisoner is oblivious to their presence.

Population And Food Essay -- essays research papers

The United Nations projects that the global commonwealth, currently at 6 one thousand million, will peak at about 10 billion in the next century and then stabilize or even decline.(popindex.Princeton.edu) A question immediately following the statement, can the Earth feed that many an(prenominal) people? It is understood that even if food crops increase sufficiently, other renewable resources, including many fisheries and forests, argon already under pressure. Our food production doubled from 1961 to 1994, precisely thither are still people who go hungry. (popindex.Princeton.edu) This is because the charitable population has increased more rapidly than the food production. One of the well-known economists Thomas Robert Malthus claimed that there was an imbalance between population growth and our ability to produce food. In his famous work, An Essay on the Principle of Population, his principle of population was based on three main points population cannot increase without the me ans of subsistence population invariable increases when the means of subsistence are procurable and the superior power of population cannot be examine without producing misery or vice. When taking into account Malthuss principle of population it is evident that his fundamental analysis of population has been proven right.Since the earths resources are finite, when human population increases, it affects human beings. Will there be a problem if population keeps increasing? Rapid population growth and the technical learning of society have led to difficulties for farmers worldwide to maintain this dual compatibility. In fact, today farmers face demands for a high productivity as well as environmentally sound, sustainable farming practices. Some economists believe human beings have the ability to produce enough food to feed all the people in the world, but according to Malthuss theory, this cannot happen. When the number of people keeps increasing while the amount of available food s tays the same or even declines, human beings will face a scarcity of resources and overpopulation in the world. This is what happening right now. According to a well known biologist-Paul R. Ehrlich, who said The amount of food available restrains the size of any animal population, unless space, disease, predators, or some other factor sets lower limits(Ehrlich, 66). What he means is that food production is an element that contro... ...ening in Chiapas, and withal Sierra Leone, Burundi, Kenya, etc. The majority of hungry people live in developing countries since they are considered less important than people in developed countries. so far though Malthus principle was printed about 201 years ago, generally, his principle is proven right today. Studies have shown that countries, which have huge populations, will experience misery. If human beings still thin out the problem of the population growth and the food supply, other problems will follow, such as civil strife and food shorta ges. Furthermore, rapid population growth whitethorn affect poverty by affecting the correlates of poverty low wages, lack of human capital such as education and health, and lack of income earning assets such as land income inequality and loss of economic growth. The only way to solve the problem between the population growth and the food supply is to reduce our population by using contraceptive tools. The other way is to distribute our food evenly to all people around the world. If food were distributed evenly to all people, dearth will not happen. Now, it is time to face reality. It is time to change our world. It is time to solve our problem.

The Awakening as an Allegory of Existentialism Essays -- Chopin Awake

The awaken as an Allegory of Existentialism Kate Chopins The Awakening as the title suggests is just thatthe story of a young womans awakening to life. Even though it is a do of fiction, the character of Edna undergoes such a primitive reassign one cannot ignore the psychological depth of the work. The story could almost be catch forthn as a case study. In order to analyze the work psychologically, it is burning(prenominal) to decide which psychological framework to use. I chose the critic Cynthia Wolff who uses a Freudian framework for analysis. Wolff feels that Ednas problems argon a result of oral examination conflicts, while I see the work as more of an allegory of existentialism, and Ednas problems are a result of a lack of creation. Cynthia Wolff draws the reader into the Freudian framework by pointing out how cyclical Ednas life is in relation to eating and pauseing. Wolff claims, If one were to plot the course of Ednas life during this period, the most reliable i ndices to the passage of time would be her meals and her periods of sleep (Wolff 231). Since these are the most basic needs, one can quickly recognize the infantile life-pattern (Wolff 231) in Edna. Wolff goes on to explain that Edna does not recognize her desire for Robert to be intimate because Ednas libidinal energies have been arrested at a pre-genital take (Wolff 232). In Freudian terms this means that Ednas relationship to the world around her is on an oral level. This level is characteristic of very young children whose only concern is for food, and anything they can reach they attempt to put in their mouths. The taking in of the world in this path is the childs attempt to understand and become one with the world by internalizing it. The oral stag... ... her. Since this would not be tolerated by the society of the day, her children would suffer because of their mot hers behavior. Since she cannot be in a world that will not let her Be, she chooses to give up what has becom e to her an unessentiallife. Note 1The hyphens in Being-in-the-world are to show that a Being and the world are interdependent on one another and therefore inseparable. Works Cited Dostoyevky, Fyodor. Notes From the Underground. advanced York Dover, 1992. Heidegger, Martin. Basic Writings. New York Harper Collins Publishers, 1993. May, Rollo. Existence. New York Simon & Shuster, 1958. Sartre, Jean-Paul. Essays in Existentialism. Secaucus Carrol Publishing Group, 1997. Wolff, Cynthia. Thanatos and Eros. The Awakening by Kate Chopin. Ed. Margo Culley. New York Norton, 1994. 231-41. The Awakening as an Allegory of Existentialism Essays -- Chopin AwakeThe Awakening as an Allegory of Existentialism Kate Chopins The Awakening as the title suggests is just thatthe story of a young womans awakening to life. Even though it is a work of fiction, the character of Edna undergoes such a radical change one cannot ignore the psychological depth of the work. The story c ould almost be seen as a case study. In order to analyze the work psychologically, it is important to decide which psychological framework to use. I chose the critic Cynthia Wolff who uses a Freudian framework for analysis. Wolff feels that Ednas problems are a result of oral conflicts, while I see the work as more of an allegory of existentialism, and Ednas problems are a result of a lack of Being. Cynthia Wolff draws the reader into the Freudian framework by pointing out how cyclic Ednas life is in relation to eating and sleeping. Wolff claims, If one were to plot the course of Ednas life during this period, the most reliable indices to the passage of time would be her meals and her periods of sleep (Wolff 231). Since these are the most basic needs, one can quickly recognize the infantile life-pattern (Wolff 231) in Edna. Wolff goes on to explain that Edna does not recognize her desire for Robert to be sexual because Ednas libidinal energies have been arrested at a pre-genital le vel (Wolff 232). In Freudian terms this means that Ednas relationship to the world around her is on an oral level. This level is characteristic of very young children whose only concern is for food, and anything they can reach they attempt to put in their mouths. The taking in of the world in this way is the childs attempt to understand and become one with the world by internalizing it. The oral stag... ... her. Since this would not be tolerated by the society of the day, her children would suffer because of their mot hers behavior. Since she cannot be in a world that will not let her Be, she chooses to give up what has become to her an unessentiallife. Note 1The hyphens in Being-in-the-world are to show that a Being and the world are interdependent on one another and therefore inseparable. Works Cited Dostoyevky, Fyodor. Notes From the Underground. New York Dover, 1992. Heidegger, Martin. Basic Writings. New York Harper Collins Publishers, 1993. May, Rollo. Existence. New Yor k Simon & Shuster, 1958. Sartre, Jean-Paul. Essays in Existentialism. Secaucus Carrol Publishing Group, 1997. Wolff, Cynthia. Thanatos and Eros. The Awakening by Kate Chopin. Ed. Margo Culley. New York Norton, 1994. 231-41.

Chaos and Literary Comparison Essay -- compare and contrast essay examp

Chaos and Literary Comparison Abstract I will show how topsy-turvydom is can be found in art, specifically in literature, and analyze John Hawkess Travesty to show the similarities between literature and chaos. John Hawkes describes the artistic challenge as conceiving the inconceivable. In accordance with that thought, Wallace Stevens says, Imagination is the power that enables us to perceive the normal in the abnormal. It is arguable that chaos, deterministic disorder, is both abnormal and inconceivable to the untrained mind even to the person accustomed to chaos, the imagination is pick up to his/her perception of chaos. Therefore, chaos can be found not only in nature and scientific studies, but also in art, specifically literature. This instruction can be proved most easily through an analysis of John Hawkess Travesty. The short novel takes place in a speeding attractive sports car. The driver, who is the narrator, refers to himself as Papa. Papa is driving his daughter and a poet and family friend, Henri. While driving, Papa informs them that he is aware of Henris affair with both Papas daughter and wife, and he is going to go under the car and all of its passengers into the stone wall of a desolate farmhouse. His purpose for this violent action is not, as would be easily concluded, to get revenge--that would simply be a bonus his real purpose is to produce art. Papa is somewhat of an artist, and he has decided that the ultimate aesthetic is produced by the melding of the automobile into a invigorated complex array according to his mental blueprint One moment the car in perfect condition, without so much as a excise on its curving surface the next moment impact, sheer impact. Total destruction. In... ...s difficult to understand without the help of an active imagination. If imagination spurs art, then art and chaos can be easily intertwined. Hawkes has produced a story, a piece of art in itself, that incubuses chaos, but it also contains an ex pictureation of chaos as ar 2rk and how the two relate. Often people only see the final product of both chaos and art it is possible and easy to forget about the process and the plan behind them. Works Cited Conte, Joseph M. Design and Debris John Hawkess Travesty, Chaos Theory, and the Swerve. Gleick, James. Chaos Making a New Science. New York Viking, 1987. Hawkes, John. Travesty. New York New Directions, 1976. Hayles, N. Katherine. Chaos strangulate Orderly Disorder in Contemporary Literature and Science. Ithica Cornell UP, 1990. Stevens, Wallace. The Collected Poems. New York Knopf, 1954.

Chaos and Literary Comparison Essay -- compare and contrast essay examp

Chaos and Literary Comparison Abstract I will show how booby hatch is can be found in nontextual matter, specifically in literature, and analyze John Hawkess Travesty to show the similarities between literature and chaos. John Hawkes describes the artistic argufy as conceiving the inconceivable. In accordance with that thought, Wallace Stevens says, Imagination is the power that enables us to perceive the normal in the abnormal. It is arguable that chaos, deterministic disorder, is both abnormal and inconceivable to the fierce mind even to the person accustomed to chaos, the imagination is key to his/her perception of chaos. Therefore, chaos can be found not only in temperament and scientific studies, entirely also in art, specifically literature. This assertion can be proved most easily through an analysis of John Hawkess Travesty. The dead novel takes place in a speeding elegant sports car. The driver, who is the narrator, refers to himself as Papa. Papa is driving his da ughter and a poet and family friend, Henri. While driving, Papa informs them that he is witting of Henris affair with both Papas daughter and wife, and he is going to crash the car and all of its passengers into the stone wall of a desolate farmhouse. His purpose for this violent performance is not, as would be easily concluded, to get revenge--that would simply be a bonus his real purpose is to produce art. Papa is somewhat of an artist, and he has trenchant that the ultimate aesthetic is produced by the melding of the automobile into a new complex array according to his mental blueprint One moment the car in perfect condition, without so much as a scratch on its curving surface the next moment impact, sheer impact. Total destruction. In... ...s difficult to ensure without the help of an active imagination. If imagination spurs art, then art and chaos can be easily intertwined. Hawkes has produced a story, a piece of art in itself, that incubuses chaos, but it also contains an explanation of chaos as artwork and how the two relate. Often people only see the final product of both chaos and art it is possible and easy to forget about the process and the plan behind them. Works Cited Conte, Joseph M. Design and Debris John Hawkess Travesty, Chaos Theory, and the Swerve. Gleick, James. Chaos Making a New Science. New York Viking, 1987. Hawkes, John. Travesty. New York New Directions, 1976. Hayles, N. Katherine. Chaos Bound Orderly Disorder in Contemporary Literature and Science. Ithica Cornell UP, 1990. Stevens, Wallace. The Collected Poems. New York Knopf, 1954.

Coach cater

l came to coach basketb all(prenominal) players, and you became students. I came to teach boys, and you became men. This quote shows how successful Coach Ken Carters managing techniques are, just Coach Carter uses many an(prenominal) an(prenominal) managing musical modes through prohibited the film. A good four-in-hand uses multiple managing techniques these techniques are autocratic, persuasive, consultative, participative and laissez fairer. Coach Carters managing systems vary between the different situations he comes across. As shown wrought out the film Coach Carters managing styles and approaches are very successful.One of Coach Carters managing styles was autocratic. Autocratic managing Is mainly based only the managers finding in like manner known as centralized decision making. This managing style is mainly focuse on tasks and does not accept much feedback and gives very tight timeliness. An example of an autocratic managing style is when coach carter says, lets see how many suicides you can do in One hour and seven minutes. This quote shows how he is trying to discipline his squad and the tight implies an autocratic manager Like coach carter would give In a situation Like that.A second managing style that is used by coach carter is a persuasive technique. weighty managing is very similar to the autocratic managing techniques. It uses centralized decision making, only interested in results and outcomes, however a manager of this technique would accept very smaller feedback. Instead of tight timeliness he or she often sells you decisions. An example of a persuasive managing style Is when coach carter says. Most importantly we control the rate of the game. This quote shows that he is giving orders that persuade the team to perform better.The third managing style coach carter approached his team with was a consultative approach. The consultative managing style consists of the manager willing to accept most of his or hers staff opinions. Consul tative managers are more employee orientated and the staff has more Input with tasks. Coach carter uses this method of managing when he realizes his team is getting better at playing basketball, an example of this managing style is when coach carter is not satisfied with their grades however he is willing to wait on them improve their grades.This quote shows that coach carter believes in his team and is willing to hell them as he can see they have potential. The fourth managing style that was used by coach carter most commonly was a participative style. This managing style consists of many factors which are that decisions are made together, responsibility is often delegated to his or hers staff. This managing style also accepts a lot of feedback and is more of a flexible managing Tyler. N example of this managing style is shown when team member Jason Lyle says, You said were a team. One person struggles, we all struggle. One person triumphs, we all triumph. This quote shows that he allows his team to make decisions and to The final managing technique that was used by coach carter was laissez fairer in side translation leave alone. This technique is very laid back and is commonly used by a manager who has a staff that is very talented, however with a talented staff you can give a lot of responsibility to your staff.High delegation must come with a talented and trusted team and this is shown when coach carter sees his team doing paperwork in the gym and Jason Lyle says, they can cut the chains off the door, but they cant make us play,(Dampen carter) we have decided to finish what youve started, sir. some other scene is when Dampen carter offers his father a contract to allow him to play for Richmond oilier. These quotes and this scene shows the teams dedication, talent and how they are capable enough to make decisions.

Lab Report Caloric Content of Food Purpose

Students Name Date of Experiment- 11/27/12 Date Report Submitted 11/27/12 Title Caloric Content of Food Purpose to be able to measure the energy content of victualss Procedure We are going to take food items and burn them to commove water to be able to determine the amount of energy a food source can emit. Data bows Data Table 1 Food Item Observations Food Item Description Marshmallow Peanut / Walnut Potato Chip freshet of food & holder sign 40. 2g 18. 0g 15g Mass of food & holder final 38. 6g 16. 0g 12. g Mass of food burnt 1. 6g 2g 2. 5g Mass of beaker 66. 5g 66. 4g 66. 5g Mass of beaker & water 107. 2g 108. 2g 108. 2g Mass of water 40. 7g 41. g 41. 7g Water temp. initial 23 C 22 C 22 C Water temp. final 31 C 72 C 32 C Delta T (oC change) 8 C 50 C 10 C Observations The observations are noted above.Found it very interesting that the peanut was able to produce enough heat to change the temperature of the water so much. Questions A. Which of the foods tested conta ins the most energy per gram? The potato chip B. How do your experimental results compare to published values? I would say that my results were average C. What type of reaction is used in calorimetry? Combustion reaction D. What are the products of the reactions? Carbon dioxide and water E. Where did the products go? They vaporized into the air F.A bookman performing an experiment to determine the caloric content of a cashew nut collected the following data ?Mass of cashew nut onwards burning 0. 55 g ?After burning 0. 05 g ?Temp. increase of 200 g of water 7. 0 oC 1. Calculate the total energy released by the combustion of the cashew nut by using the water temp. increase, the mass of the water and specific heat capacity of water. q=delta t x m x cp 58576 joules 2. Calculate the energy released per gram of cashew nut consumed in the reaction. 58,576j/0. 55g= 106502/4. 184= 24,455 or 2. cal 3. Using the following standards (carbohydrates (4 Cal/g), protein (4 Cal/g), and fats 9 Cal/ g), determine the caloric content of a infrastructure of your favorite snack food. Chili cheese fritos Carbs=60 Protein= 8 Fats= 90 Conclusions Remember Lab notes are evidence of your work and of your understanding of the concepts demonstrated in the experiments. They are also the primary basis for your chemistry lab grade. Write neatly and try to express your thoughts clearly, concisely, and completely so that someone else could duplicate your results.

Disease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care Services Essay

There are many misconceptions about how to help a drug surcharge. Some people debate conquering a drug addiction is a matter of exit power, and an addict who truly wants to end the dependency on drugs can easily revoke away from the narcotic. However, drug addiction is much more complex than simply altering port. In order to help a drug addict, one mustiness understand that addiction is a chronic brain indisposition and the battle to overcome it will most certainly be hard fought. 1 have intercourse the signs and symptoms of drug dependency. A radical change in personality may indicate an individual is abusing drugs.Personality changes are a common sign of all(a) types of drug addiction, including alcoholism, a dependency on prescription drugs and opiate demoralise. Needle marks may be evident on the arms of someone who is abusing opiates, although many addicts effect skilled at hiding distinguish of intravenous drug use by injecting the drugs in unseen areas, such as be tween the toes. Opiate abusers may bug out unusually thirsty or sweaty. The pupils of opiate abusers often appear as pinpoints. The frequent smell of alcohol is a red flag of alcoholism.Alcoholics may exhibit raspy behavior, slurred speech, unusually bright or glassy eyes and difficulty expressing thoughts and ideas in a logical manner. Alcoholics often try to hide the physical evidence of their addiction, including empty bottles and cans. Individuals abusing prescription drugs may exhibit sings of intoxication, including clumsiness and slurred speech. Someone with a dependency on prescription drugs may appear droopy eyed. 2 Consider staging an intervention so the addicts loved ones can demonstrate how the drug abuse is affecting them.An intervention may withal include the addicts colleagues and church representatives. While an intervention will likely be overwhelming to the addict, the intent is not to put the addict on the defensive, and you should carefully select intervention participants. Prior to the intervention, develop at least one treatment plan to offer to the addict. The intervention will mean trivial if the addict does not know how to get help and does not have the support of loved ones. The loved ones staging the intervention may consider enrolling the addict in a treatment program prior to the intervention without the addicts knowledge.Participants should prepare specific examples of how their loved ones drug abuse has hurt them. Often, those staging an intervention choose to write letters to the addict. An addict may not care about self-destructive behaviors, tho seeing the pang drug abuse inflicts on others can be a powerful motivator for seeking help. Do not wait until the addicts behavior has spiraled so far out of control that relationships and situations cannot be repaired. Ideally, the addict should seek help for addiction before consequences, such as job loss, abuse and omit of loved ones and financial ruin, occur.Be prepared to o ffer specific consequences if the addict rejects seeking treatment. These consequences must not be empty threats, so the addicts loved ones should consider the consequences they will impose if the addict does not seek treatment and be willing to follow through with them. 3 Find an trance drug rehabilitation program. If the addict is going to be escorted to the drug treatment center directly from the intervention, arrangements must be made beforehand. If an intervention is not necessary, look the addict in researching both the addiction and recommended drug treatment plans.Be supportive and allow the addict to feel in control of the impending rehabilitation. progress to several rehabilitation clinics and inquire about their services. Dont be afraid to ask specific questions about their daily schedules and how they handle relapses. Ask if you may tour the facility, and keep in mind that the more receptive the addict is of the treatment plan, the better the chances of overcoming the addiction. 4 Expect relapses. Because drug addiction is a chronic disease, it can be managed, but not cured. Relapses will most likely happen, and the addict should not consider a relapse a failure.However, treatment will be needed following each relapse. 5 Be the best friend you can be. Be there for them (text, call, see them, do fun activities, be given sports, hang out, and support their hobbies and interests often. This means you should also hang out with them or suggest a favorite activity of theirs (no matter how much you dont like it) when they try to shrug off or are offered their substance.Try to remain positive in your outings with them. They need to know that there will be people to support them on the road to recovery. Encourage and suggest the potential freedoms of new, healthier lifestyles, when the addict recovers. Edit Tips Being that addiction is a physical, mental, and spiritual disease this too, as well, should be the goal (in this order) to overcoming/meeting the disease head on. Howie I am doing this to help u out because I love u so much and I want u to read this. I have also read this to help me understand. Idk if u understand or not but I love u so much that I want u to get helpI love u with all my meat baby please get help. I love youlove always Cassandra rose dutcher

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Essay

1)Explain the indigence problem with the hourly-paid employees in this organization in terms of the content models of motivation. What argon the other things that the human resources manager is referring to in speaking of things likewise m angiotensin-converting enzymey, conditions, and fringe benefits that atomic number 18 fatalityed to motivate employees? The first theory that is briefly presented is Maslows hierarchy of needs. After which, this is linked to the needs of Tom, Rajina, and vex. Maslows Hierarchy of postulate Perhaps, the most famous theory of satisfaction and motivation was developed by Abraham Maslow (1954 in Loop, 1994).Maslow believed that employees would be at ease with their lines at any given point in time if certain(a) needs were met. Maslow believed that on that point are five major types of needs and these needs are hierarchical that is, lower level needs must be satisfied before an employee leave behind be touch on with the next level of nee ds. Basic biological needs. Maslow melodic theme that an person first seeks to satisfy prefatory biological needs for food, air, water, and shelter. An individual who does not hold back a art, is homeless, and is on the verge of starvation will be satisfied with any job as long as it provides for these elementary needs.When asked how well they enjoy their job, passel at this level might reply, I cant complain, it pays the bills. Safety needs. After the basic biological needs pass on been met, a job that merely provides food and shelter will no longer be satisfying. Employees then become cin one caserned about meeting their safety needs. That is, they whitethorn operate on in an unsafe coal mine to earn money to ensure their familys survival, but once their family has food and shelter, they will remain satisfied with their jobs only if their workplace is safe.Safety needs have been explained to include psychological as well as sensible safety. Psychological safety often r eferred to as job security can certainly affect job satisfaction. For example, state- endorseed sector employees often list job security as a main benefit to their jobs a benefit so strong that they will stay in lower paying public sector jobs rather than take higher paying, yet less secure, jobs in the private sector. Social needs. Once these first two need levels have been met, employees will remain satisfied with their jobs only when their affectionate needs have been met.Social needs involve working with others, developing friendships, and feeling needed. Organizations attempt to satisfy their employees social needs in a variety of ways. Company cafeterias provide workers the place and opportunity to socialize and meet other employees, company picnics allow families to meet one another, and company sports programs such as bowling teams and softball games provide opportunities for employees to play together in a neutral environment. self-importance needs. When social needs h ave been satisfied, employees concentrate next on meeting their ego needs.These are needs for recognition and success, and an organization can help to satisfy them through praise, salary increases, and publicity. Ego needs can be satisfied in many ways. For example, many organizations use furniture to help satisfy ego needs. The higher the employees position, the break in his office furniture. Self-actualization needs. Even when employees have friends, have earned awards, and are making a relatively high salary, they may not be completely satisfied with their jobs because their self-actualization needs may have not been satisfied yet.These needs are the fifth and final level of Maslows needs hierarchy. Self-actualization may be surpass defined by the US Armys recruiting slogan, be the best that you can be. An employee striving for self-actualization wants to r each(prenominal) her potential in each task. Thus, employees who have worked inwardly the same machine for 20 years may become dissatisfied with their jobs. They have accomplished all that they can with that particular machine and now hunt for a new challenge. If none is available, they may become dissatisfied (Knoop, 1994).In the case study, it has been pointed out that Tom does not seem to be simply do by money alone, suggesting that he has probably gone beyond the basic biological needs. There should be effort on the part of his supervisor to see for esteem or self-actualization needs, perhaps. One option is for his job to be enriched. This is also true in the case of Rajina who does have loyalty to the company, but is not withal assertive. She may be asked to engage in activities that will increase her self-esteem.Finally, Tom is easily prompt by monetary rewards, and may be rewarded and cause by these. Still another theory is the two factor theory of Herzberg. Two-factor Theory Still another needs theory, which reduces the number of needs to two, was developed by Herzberg. He believed tha t job-related factors can de divided into two categories, motivators and hygiene factors thus the name two-factor theory. Hygiene factors are those job-related elements that results from but do not involve the job itself. For example, pay and benefits are consequences of work but do not involve the work itself.Similarly, making new friends may result from going to work, but it is also not directly involved with the tasks and duties of the job. Motivators are job elements that do concern actual tasks and duties. Examples of motivators would be the level of job responsibility, the amount of job control, and the interest that the work holds for the employee. Herzberg believed that hygiene factors are necessary but not sufficient for job satisfaction and motivation. That is, if a hygiene factors is not present at an adequate level (e. g. the pay is as well low), the employee will be dissatisfied.But if all hygiene factors are represented adequately, the employees level of satisfaction will only be neutral. Only the front end of both motivators and hygiene factors can bring job satisfaction and motivation. Herzbergs theory is one of those theories that makes sense but has not received strong support from research. In general, researchers have criticized the theory because of the methods used to develop the two factors as well as the fact that few research studies have replicated the findings obtained by Herzberg and his colleagues (Knoop, 1994). McClellands Needs TheoryThe final needs theory was developed by McClelland (1961 in Knoop, 1994) and suggests that differences between individuals stem from the relationship between a job and each employees level of job satisfaction or motivation. McClelland believed that employees differ in their needs for achievement, affiliation, and power. Employees who have a strong need for achievement trust jobs that are challenging and over which they have some control, whereas employees who have minimal achievement needs are t o a spaciouser extent satisfied when jobs involve little challenge and have high probability of success.In contrast, employees who have a strong need for affiliation prefer working with and helping other people. These types of employees are implant more often in people-oriented service jobs than in management or administration (Smither & Lindgren, 1978). Finally, employees who have a strong need for power have a desire to influence others rather than simply be successful. Research has shown that employees who have a strong need for power and achievement make the best managers (Stahl, 1983) and that employees who are motivated most by their affiliation needs will probably make the worst managers.It is apparent from both theories that Tom, Rajina and Harry may have need for hygiene factors to increase their productivity. This means that management must offer motivators to retain them or to motivate them to work more. 2)Building on the response to Question 1, explain the motivation of the hourly-paid employees in this company in terms of the process models of motivation. Based on the information provided by the confidential interviews, what would you guess are some of the expectancies, valences, and inequities of the hourly-paid employees of this company?How do these comparing to those of Pat (the Director of Manufacturing and Operations)? Based on Vrooms expectancy theory, Tom, Rajina and Harry have varying valences, expectancies and instrumentality. For example, in the case of Tom, values inspiration and motivation which are intangibles. However, he is not motivated because he does not receive this from the company. He also does not believe that exerting more effort at work would allow him to receive such inspiration. In the case of Rajina, she has a high need for esteem, which she does not experience because she does not know to advertise her efforts to colleagues.Recognition is what may be given to her to compensate for her efforts and loyalty. There is no direct link from her perspective, of exerting more effort at work, and receiving such recognition as reward. Finally, Tom puts great premium on monetary rewards and benefits. However, based on the perceptions of hourly paid employees in general, thither is no significant difference between those who work elusive and those who contribute little. A compensation and bonus scheme reflective of relative contribution must be established to motivate employees like him.Based on these information, how can management leverage on the motivation of employees to enable them to attain higher productivity? Individual differences theory postulates that some variability in job satisfaction is due to an individuals personal raceency across situations to enjoy what she does. Thus, certain types of people will generally be satisfied and motivated regardless of the type of job they hold (Weaver, 1978). The idea also makes intuitive sense. We all know that people who constantly complain and whine ab out every job they have, and we also know people who are motivated and enthusiastic about every job or task.First, we should be aware of the fact that there are several factors that affect our hourly paid employees satisfaction. Apart from money and fringe benefits that motivate employees like Harry, personality is another factor to consider. Whether the consistency in job satisfaction is due to genetic or environmental factors, there appears to be a series of personality variables that are related to job satisfaction. That is, certain types of personalities are associated with the break awayency to be satisfied or dissatisfied with ones job.Judge et al. (1998) have hypothesized that these personality variables are related and involve peoples outlook on life (affectivity), view of their self-worth (self-esteem), ability to master their environment (self-efficacy), and ability to control their environment (external vs. internal locus of control). People wedded to be satisfied with their jobs have high self-esteem, high self-efficacy, high positive affectivity, and an internal locus of control. Research supporting this view has come from Judge et al. 1998), who found a significant correlation between a combination of these four variables and job satisfaction, and from Garske (1990), who found that employees with high self-esteem are more satisfied with their jobs than are employees low in self-esteem.Results agreeable with the core evaluation theory were reported by Dubin and Champoux (1977), who found that some people are happier in their jobs than people without this focus. Moreover, the arcdegree to which they are satisfied with their lives is also another determinant of their motivation on the job. Judge et al. 1998), Judge and Watanabe (1993), and Tait et al. (1989) have theorized not only that job satisfaction is consistent across time but that the extent to which a person is satisfied with all aspects of her life (e. g. marriage, friends, job, family, geographic location) is as well. Furthermore, people who are satisfied with their jobs tend to be satisfied with life. These researchers found support for their theory, as their data indicate that job satisfaction is significantly correlated with life satisfaction. Thus, people happy in life tend to be happy in their jobs and vice versa.Individual differences theories postulate that some employees are more predisposed to being motivated than others. such(prenominal) things as genetics and affectivity are involved in the extent to which some people tend to always be satisfied with their jobs and others always dissatisfied. However, rather than genetics and affectivity, self-esteem, need for achievement, and intrinsic motivation tendency are the individual differences most related to work motivation. To be able to address hourly employees intangible needs, there must be much effort on managements part to increase employees self-esteem.These may not be too applicable for Harry who se ems to be more motivated by basic needs, i. e. money and fringe benefits. There are various ways of carrying this out, as follows Employees who can attend workshops or sensitivity groups in which they are given insights into their strengths. It is thought that these insights raise self-esteem by showing the employee that he has several strengths and is a good person. Management also ought to provide hourly paid employees with experience on success. With this approach, an employee is given a task so easy that he will almost certainly succeed.It is thought that this success increases self-esteem, which should increase performance, then further increase self-esteem, then further increase performance, and so on. This method is based loosely on the principle of self-fulfilling prophecy, which states that an individual will perform as well or as poorly as he expects to perform. In other words, if he believes he is intelligent, he should do well on tests. If he believes he is dumb, he shou ld do poorly. So if an employee believes he will always fail, the only way to break the vicious cps is to ensure that he performs well on a task (Knoop, 1994).Particularly in the case of Tom, management has to think of ways to motivate him to achieve. Employees who have a strong need for achievement desire and are motivated by jobs that are challenging and over which they have some control, whereas employees who have minimal achievement needs are more satisfied when their work involves little challenge. Employees who have a high need for achievement ate not risk takers and tend to set designs that are challenging enough to be interesting but low enough to be attainable.Employees with a high need for achievement need recognition and want their achievements to be noticed. To increase motivation, goal setting should be used. This is particularly applicable in Toms and Rajinas case who do not seem to perform well without adequate supervision. With goal setting, each employee is given a goal, which might be a particular quality level, a certain quantity of output, or a combination of the two. For goal setting to be most successful, the goals themselves should possess certain qualities. First, they should be concrete and specific.Setting more specific subgoals can also improve performance (Klawsky, 1990). Second, a properly set goal is high but reasonable (Locke & Latham, 1990). To increase the effectiveness of goal setting, feedback should be provided to the employee on his progress in reaching his goal (Locke & Latham, 1990). Feedback can include verbally telling an employee how he is doing, placing a chart on a wall, or displaying a certain color of light when the employees work pace will result in goal attainment and a disparate color of light when the pace is too slow to reach the goal.Feedback increases performance best when it is positive and informational rather than negative and controlling. Another set of theories hypothesizes that workers are motivated when they are rewarded for their behavior. As a result, organizations offer incentives for a wide variety of employee behaviors, including working overtime or on weekends, making suggestions, referring applicants, staying with the company (length of service awards), feeler to work (attendance bonuses), not getting into accidents, and performing at a high level (Henderson, 1997).

Water: an Overlooked Essential Nutrient

Water An Overlooked Essential Nutrient Presented by Your Name Today I am discussing the importance of weewee to encourage this saturnineice to tout ensembleow weewee as the main beverage woof in this mightiness. Water maintains body temperature, maintains blood volume, blood pressure and supports all cell functions. (Cherif, et al. , 2010)Water is a worthful resource even in an office environment. You may not realize that an air- figureed office is a very dry environment and bequeath immerse your body of weewee. Working long hours can cause mild dehydration that will affect mental responses.The brain is 80% water. Loss of water will affect concentration and memory. Dehydration can cause headaches, tiredness and loss of concentration, affecting alertness. (European Hydration Institute)No otherwise suck is as affective in hydrating the body c atomic number 18 water. Gatorade and Powerade both have high levels of added sugar and salt. These should only be added to water fo r athletes, extreme heat situations or a sick person. Daily Recommendations Experts vary on just how much water is required for daily hydration. The Institute of Medicine determined that an adequate intake (AI) for men is roughly 3 liters (about 13 cups) of conglomeration beverages a day. The AI for women is 2. 2 liters (about 9 cups) of total beverages a day. However, most agree that eight 8 ounce glasses a day is an admit daily intake. ( Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER), 2011) Gatorade and Powerade are both sports drinks and they have no daily recommendation. They are designed for critical open fire during relatively intense (more than 60% of maximal effort) exercise bouts lasting more than 1 hour. (Cherif, et al. , 2010, p. 299) Both Gatorade and Powerade have no evidence of providing a benefit to those who are not exercising. In fact the only affect they seem to have on an un-athletic person is weight gain. (p. 301) Nutrient Content The content of 8 ounces of bottled water includes 23. 7mg of Calcium, 4. 7mg of Magnesium, 4. 7mg Sodium. Water contains no calories. Calcium and Magnesium are not only good for bone health just act as electrolytes to help cross fluid balance and neuromuscular function.Sodium needs replaced in modest amounts because a lack of sodium will cause muscle cramps, nausea and possible other affects. Eight ounces of a sports drink has 78 calories. Sports drinks contain 95mg of Sodium, 15g of sugar, 19g of carbohydrates, 40mg of potassium, 24mg of phosphorus and 2. 4mg of calcium. Keep in mind that most sports drinks are in a 20 ounce bottle so most people consume almost three times the amounts I mentioned above. Varieties Water infers in bottles or out of the tap. Bottled water types include.Spring water is a natural source of water that springs from below the surface of the earth Purified water is water that has been treated to remove the bacteria and dissolved solids removed by some process Mineral w ater is water that contains no less than 250 parts per million total dissolved solids. No minerals may be added to the water. artesian water comes from a well that taps a confined aquifer-a water-bearing underground layer of rock or sand-in which the water level is above the top of the aquifer. headspring water is from an underground water source. (Nestle Waters North America Inc. Gatorade The G2 series is bottled Gatorade with only 20 calories per ounce. Original G comes in 19 flavors. G grind is just that powder that can be mixed with water and comes in four flavors. 01 Prime is in a pouch to drink before exercise. 03 remember is in a bottle to drink after exercise. G Series Natural Thirst Quenchers are the newest and they are the same as the original but they have cane sugar and dont have high fructose corn syrup. Powerade Powerade offers the original drink and the Powerade Zero with no calories. The flavors are grape Orange Lemon Lime Sour MelonFruit Punch Mountain Berry Bl ast White Cherry Strawberry Lemonade Cost Water for a water cooler from Ice Mountain will cost $31. 96 a month for five 5 gallon bottles of water. Buying water bottles to stock a vending machine cost will vary according to how much you buy. One pallet has 1,728 bottles and will cost $779. This will be 45? each. Gatorade bottles come in a case of 24 20 oz. bottles for $15. 68. This is 78? a bottle. (www. samsclub. com) Powerade comes in 24 20 oz. bottles of $12. 48. This is 62? a bottle. (www. samsclub. com) Advantages of consumption WaterWater hydrates your body without all the added sugars and salts that may contribute to high blood pressure and obesity. According to the Mayo Clinic, water protects the bodies organs and tissue it helps counteract constipation and lubricates joints. Water helps flush countervail from the kidneys and liver. It helps dissolve minerals and nutrients for the body to use and it carries the nutrients and oxygen to cells. ( Mayo Foundation for Medical Ed ucation and Research (MFMER), 2011) Water is essential to keep focused and on labour at work. It is the best way to work at a law office that demands so much time and attention to details.Water will help prevent headaches often associated with sugar and caffeine. Sports Drinks I would be to ones advantage to drink a sports drink to restore electrolytes that are seriously depleted. This means that it is ideal for an athlete, someone toiling in heat or a sick person losing body fluids. Both Gatorade and Powerade have low calorie options. Gatorade has G2 that is a 20 calorie per servicing solution and Powerade Zero has no calories. If a person is in need to restore electrolytes that water is not able to do, I believe the G2 is the better drink.The small amount of calories would be needed to help quickly restore electrolytes. Safety Choosing water means not having to worry about whether or not it is skillful to drink. Only one problem is caused by water, Hyponatremia. , Hyponatremia is only cause by over consumption of water and it flushes too much sodium out of the body. The condition is extremely rare and hard to do. Sports drinks on the other hand do cause a safety concern. With the rising epidemic of obesity and diabetes everyone should be bear on about sugar intake. Calories should be mostly derived from food and rarely in our beverage.The high level of sodium is a concern as well. Sodium in high levels will cause high blood pressure and hypertension. In an office situation the ingredients have no chance of being burned off by the body. If sports drinks are chosen in an office environment the best one to pick is Powerade Zero. The sodium is still too high in this drink but at least the calories have been eliminated. In Conclusion I highly recommend that this office choose water as the beverage of choice for your employees and partners. Water is the obvious choice to keep everyone feeling their best and keeping focused on the work at hand.Water is the bes t choice when considering the overall health of this office. Not only will sports drinks contribute to high sugar and sodium levels but is will ultimately lead to high insurance and health be for this company. Water is the inexpensive solution. As shown in the cost comparison per bottle water is less expensive. Finally, think about the message you want to send to this office and to guests who visit this office. If you want to make the health conscience decision water is the only choice. For clients who walk in the door that you dont know their particular(prenominal) health condition water is a beverage everyone can say yes to.

Responsible Borrowing Worksheet Essay

Many students borrow federal student lends to pay for college. The goal of this assignment is to help you learn how to borrow responsibly, which may mean that you do not borrow at all or that you borrow only what you truly need. To borrow responsibly, you must understand your options and establish a financial plan for your accurate program. With that plan in place, you layabout then focus on your classes and making connections with instructors and other students.Step 1Watch the Responsible Borrowing (Financial Aid) video on the orientation website located here http//www.phoenix.edu/student-orientation.html. Respond to the following questionsWhat is financial concern? Financial Aid is any grant or scholarship, loan, or paid involution offered to help a student meet his/her college expenses. Such aid is usually provided by various sources such as federal and state agencies, colleges, high schools, foundations, and corporations. How do grants differ from loans? Grants are money yo u dont pretend to repay and are usually based on your financial need while loans are money you borrow that you must pay back, usually with interest costs. The major grants are Cal Grants, federal Pell Grants and some smaller federal grantsWhat effect does class attending have on funding availability? Students must attend school continuously, with no attendance breaks greater than 14 days, to retain disbursed federal financial aid funds. A leave of absence must be requested and approved if a student requires more than 14 days away from class.Step 2Navigate to the Personal Finance category of the GEN/127 PhoenixConnect Community. Explore the resources provided and some of the discussions shared by the community members. Respond to the following questionsWhat did you find ab bring out student loan repayment plans? I found out that there are interests rates that cling to the loan and also you should pay close attention to the money you dig in unsubsidized and subsidized loans because you will have to pay that back and also may sure you keep up with how much your borrowing and the dates that you will have to start repaying, you dont want them to go into default. Why is having an educational financial plan important? You will need this so you can present out how much needs to be funded for your course and class, its very vital you pay attention to this because you could end up not having enough, thesethings you want to plan out and make sure of so you usage have any bumps or faults along the way.Step 3Access the Financial Plan at www.phoenix.edu/financialplan. drop off your program and respond to the questions. Explore the information about options for payment, reducing cost, and military students (if applicable). If you have already completed the plan as part of the enrollment process, you can use those precedes for this step.Based on this plan, what is your estimated monthly payment when you enter repayment? My estimated monthly repayment fee is $56 a month . As a result of completing the plan, what changes can you make to reduce the amount you may borrow? Why? I can check for the cost of the classes so I wont borrow so much, just what I need to pay the cost of each class that way I wont over draw.

Building context and proposal

Cultural One-fourthNarrativeThe move of the expression installings to Punta Langosteira ( the outer behavior ) allow for enable a complete, original and functional re-thinking of the infinite made available. The bing industrial port s reformation undertaking sticks at bettering the sea forepart by presenting a mess of originative and cultural industries ( cultural unrivalled-fourth ) in the urban center Centre, as a triggerman to the metropolis and the triplet stages of the port.From this get toss off point the position is to recycle play that up to now was reserved for the port s industrial activities and do it accessible for occupants to bask as parvenue leisure countries. mercantile and culturally lead, green corridors and wide streets will all be projected to allow people come into direct contact with the sea.The position is Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo northwesterly and southeastern Quay, at the southern ter momental of the gardens M & A eacute ndez N & A uacute & A ntilde ez and the Rosaleda, separated from them by the adjoining buildings. The reconstructing foreseen will open the gardens up to the sea and will enable people to walk freely up to the weewee s border, turning the lone dock that is perpendicular to the metropolis s frontage into a brilliant screening point.Brief Outline of User RequirementsTaking into history the whole of the docks, the Port of A Coru & A ntilde a has as a whole 219.6 estates for the different services. Due to the have table of the port, the procedure of regeneration has been divided into three different stages.Phase One Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay ( 22 estates )Phase Two San Diego Quay ( 98.8 estates )Phase Three Fishing basins, Marina and Anted & A aacute rsena basins ( 98.8 estates )The proposed edifices will be c befully thought out on the maestro program and all combine to do a Cultural Quarter ( 22 estates ) they argon a convention Centre, a public library, an exhibition infinite, a technical Centre, a hotel, a sportswoman Centre, and a market topographic point.Proposed LocationBattery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South QuayOutside Advisers/clients to be used as beginnings of MentionLa Coru & A ntilde a metropolis council, and Port authorizationIntroduction 1000 1163Since the undertaking of the new Outer Port Facilities in Punta Langosteira, will be finished in 2012, all bing industrial activities in the port of A Coru & A ntilde a will be transferred during 2010 onto the new outer port, get downing with Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay, thence supplying extra land to the metropolis Centre.The port of A Coru & A ntilde a, as focal point of the whole urban center, is critical to the publicity of European City aims. One grade of the European fashion of civilisation is the concentration of civic, cultural and commercial life in metropolis centres, in a mode and manner related to the person and non to the auto.The port will mak e a matter-of-fact friendly cultural one-fourth, and consolidate its place as a service and meet hub, which will go a oasis for tourers, concern work forces and with new utilizations for citizens. The environing country around the port contains a alone individuality and character with a contrast amongst new and old architecture. The graduated table and placement of the port in relation to the metropolis as well as highlights its importance and provides a arctic and welcoming environment and contri merelyed to turning A Coru & A ntilde a into a cosmopolite and forward-thinking metropolis.ContextOver the centuries, the coastline of A Coru & A ntilde a, a metropolis that attends out straight onto the Atlantic Ocean, exerted an resistless attractive force on Celts, Phoenicians and Romans. In the second ampere-second, they built the Tower of Hercules, today the universe s lone working Roman beacon, the overcharge of the metropolis and decl atomic number 18d as a World Herita ge Site.In the ninth century, the metropolis suffered consecutive moving ridges of onslaughts by the Norman pirates. During the in-between Ages the world settled on the site that today is known as the Old Town. In 1208, Coru & A ntilde a received its metropolis charter from King Alfonso IX, who besides conferred a series of royal privileges on the metropolis.A twelvemonth after the Spanish Armada called in at the Port of A Coru & A ntilde a on its manner to occupy England, the Barbary pirate Francis Drake, a loyal retainer of Queen Elizabeth I of England attacked the metropolis, which was valorously defended by the people of A Coru & A ntilde a, led by the local heroine Mar & A iacute a Pita. During the Gallic invasion, A Coru & A ntilde a was the lone metropolis that stood up to the invading military personnels. Particularly befitting of reference is the Battle of Elvi & A ntilde a, which took topographic point on 16 January 1809 and during which General Sir John Moor e was fatally hurt whilst supporting the metropolis. Today his remains are buried in San Carlos Gardens.The 17th and 18th centuries were marked by intense trading activity with America and legion Spanish and European ports.The nineteenth century was a discerp rapid economic, cultural and urban development, reflected in the gallery windows that line Avenida de la Marina, the Modernist edifices and the Kiosco Alfonso in the twentieth century, the metropolis became a hive of activity, concentrating on civilization, advancement and the hereafter.The sea, a changeless figure in the history of the metropolis of A Coru & A ntilde a, is the freshman thing that strikes you when geting in the metropolis by sea, land and particularly by air. The arresting positions of the tidal estuary are genuinely unforgettable, but there is much more to detect.Old TownAs in every metropolis, the Old Town is an imperious must. Corners rich in history, squares where clip seems to hold stood still, such as Las B & A aacute rbaras or Azc & A aacute rraga, lined with ancient trees you can besides look up to glorious examples of Romanesque art in the churches dotted around this one-fourth.Churchs like the Collegiate Church of Santa Mar & A iacute a del Campo, a brilliant illustration of the Ogival Romanesque manner the churches of Santiago, San Francisco, the convents of Las B & A aacute rbaras and Santo Domingo are all true plants of art symbolic streets named after antediluvian clubs that transport us suffer in clip to a medieval and Baroque metropolis.In the Old Town you will happen absorbing antique stores, situated in a alone location wholly in maintaining with the objects they sell, every bit good as traditional tap houses and delicious eating houses. When dark falls this country is transformed into one of the hubs of the metropolis s night life.From the Sea PromenadeThe Sea Promenade is the ideal point from which to get down researching the metropolis. It s more th an 13.5 kilometres, which make this the longest promenade in Europe, encircling the metropolis from San Ant & A oacute n Castle to El Porti & A ntilde o. It has a bike lane, ropeway, route and prosaic paseo. Get downing from San Ant & A oacute n Castle, you will be able to look up to the marina with its berthing positions and services, every bit good as the yachts and sailing ships that create a colourful sight all twelvemonth unit of ammunition.A metropolis to hold merriment inA Coru & A ntilde a has ever been noted for its outgoing and extravert character. local anesthetics spang to acquire out and about, basking an eventide amble, a shopping trip, traveling for tappa or meeting friends for a drink at the street caf & A eacute s in winter every bit good as in summer. In maintaining with Spain s long-standing tradition of societal assemblages in caf & A eacute s, the metropolis s occupants love to run into to chew the fat and discourse mundane events.The metropolis of glassIt s good deserving taking the clip to research the metropolis Centre. submit your auto and bask a amble around the streets, because this is a metropolis that is made for walking.The Centre forms the hub of the metropolis s economic, commercial and cultural activity, with its quite a littley port and sail line drive dock. The perfect get downing point and an absolute must on every visitant s path is office de Mar & A iacute a Pita, site of the City Hall and watched over by the statue of local heroine Mar & A iacute a Pita and the ageless fire. still possibly A Coru & A ntilde a is best-known for its glass fa & A ccedil ade that looks out onto the sea in Avenida de La Marina, gallery Windowss which are credibly the finest illustration of this typical component of Galician architecture. The colonnades offer legion street caf & A eacute s and eating houses.Back to the seaA alone location -a peninsula stick outing out into the especial(a) sea- has provided this metr opolis with its chief beginning of wealth the port, one of the most of import in Europe. Yet the port has non merely determined the economic development of this metropolis, but has besides contributed to organizing its unfettered, tolerant character, and the welcoming nature of its dwellers.The freshest fish and shellfish heterosexual from the Galician tidal estuaries, much appreciated doneout Spain, are delivered daily at first visible radiation to A Coru & A ntilde a s fish market. Fishermans and shellfish gatherers take portion in the auction a complex lingual communication and signaling system, crates of fish, a odor of salt, fish and shellfish. Voices are raised in an effort to acquire the best monetary value. Sightss and sounds that are decidedly non to be missed.Several mottos have been used to specify A Coru & A ntilde a the City of Glass the City where no 1 is a alien Balcony over the Atlantic but possibly the 1 that best sums up the kernel of this metropoli s is A Coru & A ntilde a a metropolis to come back to .SITE ( PHYSICAL CONTEXT ) 1500 1581Site pickAll the docks cover a surface country of 219.6 estates, including metropolis, fishing and industrial maps. There is a clear division between the north docks, chiefly for urban rule, and the south docks, which are more focussed on big premiss usage. Due to the graduated table of the port, the procedure of regeneration has been divided into three different stages.Phase One Battery Quay, Calvo Sotelo North and South Quay ( 22 estates )Phase Two San Diego Quay ( 98.8 estates )Phase Three Fishing basins, Marina and Anted & A aacute rsena basins ( 98.8 estates )The selected siteThe location of the site is on stage one, which is of the upmost importance to the regeneration of the port, a cardinal get downing point for A Coru & A ntilde a, to going a European metropolis, by presenting a accelerator ( cultural one-fourth ) for the metropolis and next communities.The location net inco mes from brilliant permeableness and connectivity. The Rosaleda and Mendez Nu & A ntilde ez gardens rest beside the next listed and governmental edifices along the battery Quay. The edifices are the authorities deputation office, the marine military bid caput quarters, imposts chief office, the constabulary caput one-fourth, and Galicia s port authorization caput quarters.Site information 384The site is besides located between the transatlantic quay where big sails Moor ( 54.575 riders last twelvemonth ) and Linares Quay ( 950 fishing boats last twelvemonth ) which holds A Coru & A ntilde a s fish market which opens at 5am, at this clip of 24 hours the site gathers a peculiar and traditional odor of salt, fish and shellfish.The site is composed by three quays, Battery, Calvo Sotelo North and Calvo Sotelo South Quays all quays have caterpillar track paths.Battery quay is 277m long, with a draft of 11m and with two breadths of 23-55m. Its usage is for general goods, majorities a nd contains a roll-on/roll-off incline, with installings for the supply of weewee and electricity. The burden and download installings are prioritised for Pneumatic fluidnesss of cement and aluminum which are stored in seven cylindric armored assault vehicles. The quay besides holds three commercial edifices Uni & A oacute n Fenosa Sub home, Cement Silos Tudela Vegu & A iacute n and Aluminium Silos Alcoa Inespal and five official governmental edifices.Calvo Sotelo North Quay is 220m long, with a draft of 11-13m and a breadth of 20m. Its usage is besides for general goods, with two electrical gateway Cranes of 6tm and one electrical gateway Crane of 16tm. There are ocean and fishing installings an functionary edifice which is the Port Authority Vigilance Service and one commercial edifice, Tide graph of the Geographic and Property Values Institute.Calvo Sotelo South Quay is 420m long, with a draft of 7-10m and a breadth of 40m. Its usage is besides for general goods, with fou r electrical gateway Cranes of 6tm and one electrical gateway Crane of 16tm. There are besides maritime and fishing installings with a Cold-store Fruit Terminal Installations for the supply of H2O and electricity. The burden and download installings are prioritised for Pneumatic fluidnesss of cement, oils and fats pumping and vegetational oils pumps which are stored in 13 cylindrical armored combat vehicles. The site has two big warehouses and five commercial edifices Cement silos, Oil silos, Oils and fats silos, Transformation house of brotherhood FENOSA and Port authorization shifting House.All the belongingss ( except the listed governmental edifices ) along the three quays are prefabricated warehouses each person edifice will be dismantled and taken over to the new outer port by the terminal of 2010. The lone staying edifices on the site will be the five listed authorities edifices, four cylindrical armored combat vehicles and six Cranes of 6tm.Ocular impactsThe combination of all three quays creates an impressive ocular impact due to the sheer size of the site. There are several ocular impacts between the graduated table of the edifices in the metropolis Centre and the narrow streets in relation to the huge broad plane along the site with big freak out constructions such as the Cranes and oil oilers, and vass that berth along the quays. When walking along the metropolis you feels warm, sheltered, and safe but when you walk along the quays it s wholly the contrary you feel intimidated by the milieus, entirely, little, cold, and lost when confronting towards the Atlantic Ocean. These feelings are all generated by the characteristic beauty of the site, such impressive feelings caused due to the different graduated tables and huge ocular spreads towards the metropolis, port and the Atlantic Ocean.Designation of any bing jeopardiesLand conditions and jeopardiesAll three quays were built in 1927, a fixed platform, on piles. Since the intent of the quays are for storage countries with warehouses, and its aim is to unload and reload vass every bit rapidly as possible, the site is kept in good conditions, and any fixs are dealt with every bit currently as possible, to cut down holds during the burden and unloading of the vass.TidesMaximum tidal tally 4,50 mQuay walls with regard to the 0 of the maximal tidal tally 6.50mSignificant moving ridge prime with a return period of 50 old ages 11 mIf there were moving ridges of up to 11m in the harbour country, moving ridges would be a risk of infection on the site. Since there was a little possibility of any tidal jeopardies, the quays were constructed with a little joust from the Centre of the quay towards the H2O border to coerce the H2O to run off back into the Atlantic Ocean.Given the current usage of the port is industrial the current air quality, noise, and light pollution are more or less high. Although most of the noise pollution created on site are inside the warehouses, with 80+ du bnium ( A ) the chief route that runs along the dorsum of the site with 65 dubnium ( A ) and the countries where they load and download goods with 55 dubnium ( A ) and some countries with less than 45db ( A ) . The site creates no waste of residues, and little sums of light pollution since plants are done during the twenty-four hours. The air quality is somewhat higher since the fish market is following to the site.Environmental FactorsClimateWind formPredominating N.E.Dominant Second.The site s clime is temperate maritime and to a great extent moderated by the Atlantic Ocean nevertheless it does expose some features of a Mediterranean clime. Autumn and winter are frequently unsure with temperature norms of 13 & A deg degree Celsiuss and up to 19 & A deg degree Celsiuss and unpredictable with strong air currents and abundant rainfall off up to 500mm and with an misbegotten velocity of 23 knots ( windfinder.com ) , coming from Atlantic depressions and it is frequently cloud-co vered. The ocean supports temperatures mild, and hoar and snow are rare. In summer, it is rather dry and cheery with lone occasional(a) rainfall temperatures are warm up to 22 & A deg degree Celsiuss but seldom uncomfortably hot due to the sea s engine cooling system influence during the twenty-four hours. Spring is normally cool and reasonably composures.The site is to a great extent influenced by the clime, Sun visible radiation and twenty-four hours light since there are no next edifices for shelter or cut downing the strong air currents that penetrate the site freely from the South or north E.Design factors and chances and restrictions of the siteConservationThe site will incorporate 5 class 1 listed edifices, 4 grade 2 listed cylindrical armored combat vehicles, the rail paths and 6 Cranes which will be left one time all the bing installings are moved to the outer port. All listed edifices contain private gardens environing the belongings, consent will be necessary to integ rate their land to the site and let a ocular and prosaic permeableness on the site. Urban design policies in the Local Development Frame Work ( LDF ) will be taken into history during the designing phase.MaterialsThe glass galleries on the Marina Avenue run perpendicular to the site, this architectural lingual communication will play an of import function within my design. The facade intervention will implement different combinations of nothingnesss, solids, coloring material, and texture to unify itself with the bing linguistic communication of the metropolis. Galicia s have ever said that Windowss are picture frames.Site AccessAt the minute the site has a restricted ledger entry for vehicles unless you are an employee, but prosaic entree is allowed on the port except the countries which are in private ain by companies, such as warehouses.The site contains two chief entree roads one is located on Lineras Rivas Avenue for big lorries, Cranes, and trucks and the other entree point is on the transatlantic quay for private vehicles.There is an bing rail paths that runs through the whole of the port and into each single quay, which is presently used to travel the Cranes along the quays and to transport transporting containers, and goods straight to the goods station of RENFE in San Diego ( the station inside the port ) . From this station depart the two available lines to Madrid ( Santiago-Ourense-Zamora and Lugo-Le & A oacute n-Palencia ) , with connexions to Ferrol, Vigo and Portugal.The chief train station of A Coru & A ntilde a is San Cristobal a 10 min drive by coach ( line1 ) from the port and has regular long-distance lines to Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao and Ir & A uacute n, besides regional connexions to the remainder of Galicia.The seaport entryway is orientated to the North, with a breadth of 800m and a deepness of 21m and a maximal registered current of 0 knots.Pedestrian entree is located every 300m through electronic Gatess the Gatess are unfa stened every twenty-four hours from 5am boulder clay 5pm. All the Gatess along the port have bus Michigans with line 1 which takes you around the metropolis Centre bus frequence is every 20 min to supply easy entree to the port.The port besides has its ain fire station, police caput quarters, gasoline station and a little infirmary.Brief 1500An lineation briefChoose a edifices and a site or secret plan on your maestro programConvention CentrePublic libraryExhibition infiniteCommercial CentreHotelSport CentreMarket topographic pointCultural One-fourthact as a accelerator

Hybridity

According to Bhabha, crossbreedingity is the straddling of 2 cultures and the consequent ability to negotiate the difference. Bhabha developed his concept of hybridity from literary and ethnic theory to describe the building of culture and identity within conditions of colonial antagonism and inequality. For Bhabha, hybridity is the process by which the colonial governing go tries to convert the identity of the colonized within a singular universal framework. The colonizers would look at the colonized in their own environment and judge their behavior and practices from their own frame of reference.Bhabha contends that a new hybrid identity or subject-position emerges from the interweaving of elements of the colonizer and colonized challenging the validity of any essentialist cultural identity. Hybridity is positioned as an counterpoison to essentialism, or the belief in invariable and fixed properties which define the whatness of a given entity. (The Location of floriculture 1 994) According to Ashcroft, to the highest degree postcolonial writing has focused on the hybridized nature of postcolonial culture as strength alternatively than a weakness. It is not a case of the oppressor obliterating the oppressed or the colonizer silencing the colonized.In practice it stresses the mutuality of the process. The jolt of cultures can impact as much upon the colonizer as the colonized. It is proof that even under the most potent of oppression those distinctive aspects of the culture of the oppressed can survive and become an integral part of the new formations which arise. (Papastergiadis 1997) Ashcroft says how hybridity and the power it releases may well be seen as the characteristic feature and contribution of the post-colonial, allowing a means of evading the replication of the binary categories of the past and developing new anti-monolithic models of cultural exchange and growth.In conclusion, I believe that hybridity is everywhere. It represents in many i nstances the triumph of the postcolonial or the subaltern over the hegemonic. The resistant always appropriates the cultural onslaught and modifies its products or processes for its own purposes. Hybridity can be a history of slavery colonialism, and rape, inherited in terms of race. It is a difficult and painful history of interracial identity. It deals with issues of choosing ones affiliations or having ones affiliations storm upon one.

Erasmus, Praise of Folly Essay

1.) In Joe Sachs translation of, Aristotles on the soul and on Memory and Recollection, we be presented with the idea that our soul is broken up in to the brooding and the unimaginative forms of intellect. We handling our contemplative and matter-of-fact intellect to identify what is good for us, so that our desires reflect our acquires. Although, they both work towards the homogeneous goal, both are separate and depend on ineffable forces for success. The contemplative intellect is fueled by our curiosity for knowledge. Aristotle was a major(ip) believer in expression because he believed that living a contemplative life is how hu realitys should be.A contemplative life allows humans to lead a morally go bad life. The more humans eng progress in contemplation, the closer they are to their gods and the happier they will be. The contemplative intellect is our cleverness to determine the potence of the practical intellect. The practical intellect is our response to our cont emplation. Contemplation corporation prolong govern custodytal disasters and prevent us from using practicality. But, we puzzle no choice except to contemplate because to understand we essential contemplate and to act morally we must be able to understand. Being able to understand is world able to grasp the latentity of something. Misunderstanding somethings potentiality is the reason leading a practical life is more difficult. It is human spirit to contemplate.Distinguishing the two intellects is tricky because Aristotle stresses that we are one soul constituent of a larger one. However, if it is the same soul producing practical and contemplative intellect, how can life be divide into these two things? Our individuality controls our actions. So, our contemplative is what makes us what we are and our existence is the reason we act (practical). Practicality and contemplation are singularitys within our intellect. Contemplation is to be looked at as human constitution, it helps us understand. Understanding gives way to the practical intellect. These two separate intellects not only involve disparate unknown forces, scarce they also employ different types of motion. Practical is a physical motion, while contemplation is a motion in the guts that whenever we are thinking and contemplating, we/our minds are in motion.The soul seeks truth. Contemplation leads us towards the truth, while practicality is a truth. These intellects are lawfulnesss in different parts of the soul. To acquire happiness one must have moral virtue to choose correctly and practicality to choose how. For example, one might attain the knowledge, facts, and actuality of how to ride a bike. But, knowing those facts does not determine your potential to ride the bike. Aristotle provides an affective example, There is something that has knowledge in the way that we say any human being is a knower, because humanity is part of the class of what knows and has knowledge, but there is also a sense in which we mean by a knower the one who already has, say, grammatical scientific discipline and each of these is in potency but not in the same way, but the former is because his sorting and his material are of a certain sort, while the latter is because he is capable of contemplating when he wants to, if nought outside him prevents it (417a 23-30 Aristotle).Aristotle tells us the there are different types of potentiality and actuality here. This example demonstrates a knower. A knower would be human, know grammar, and talking (exercising knowledge). This example is important in the distinction because it describes the process and the different roles of contemplation and practicality. The contemplative intellect, in this reason, would be that the knower is human and has potential without actual knowledge. The knower, with grammatical knowledge, has this knowledge but is not thinking about it. The knower would be exercising knowledge through recognizing grammatical errors in conversation, readings, etc. In the two most previous instances the knower uses their practicality intellect because their actual knowledge of the grammar is their potentiality to think and perform actions.Contemplation allows us to do, think, and imagine anything we want within out minds/soul. The soul is a being-at-work-staying-itself in the way that knowledge is, for both sleep and waking are in what conks to the soul, and waking is equal to the act of contemplating but sleep to h elderlying the capacity for contemplating while not putting it to work (practical). (412b 26-30 Aristotle). Practicality can only utilize what is physical and in front of us.AristotleThe union between these intellects demonstrates Aristotles belief that both body contains a soul and the soul is not separate matter. It is a capacity, it doesnt have a capacity and is inseparable from the body. The soul has no identity. Aristotle believes we are all individual human beings, made up of differe nt forms and matter. But, there is one soul that is in all of us, equally. No one persons soul is go bad than anothers. This is important in the distinction because contemplation takes place in the soul and practicality is what we do with the connection between our soul and body.2. ) In Erasmus, Praise of tomfoolery, the character lenience is used to express Erasmus philosophy. Folly states that the actions of different people are foolish and she is congratulating them, she calls wisdom foolish and the fools, able. Throughout the book Folly, with sarcasm and satire, demonstrates the main forms of hydrophobia in order to show the importance of folly. Erasmus wanted to share three main forms of folly in his writing.The first form being, the fundamental form of folly, which is the force in our life that is indescribable. This form mainly refers to faith and faith, but also the folly in any belief of a higher/greater good. The arc secondment form is the human folly. In this form, Folly mocked those who deem or consider themselves wise or philosophers. She picked on mainly prominent people, anyone who thought they were better because they knew more about something. The third form is best describe by egotistical, hypocritical, and greedy folly. This form depicts the folly of the self-centeredness of humans.Erasmus as Folly illustrates how the Christians appear foolish at first, yet actually possesses true wisdom. Folly quotes the Bible repeatedly to prove her point. She uses the passages to show how folly is good. at bottom these passages, Folly says that the bible, values fools more than the wise. For example, Adam and Everwere forbidden to eat from the Tree of Knowledge, but they disobeyed. Thus, knowledge unmake their happiness. Folly describes the Christian fools as those who, squander their possessions, ignore insults, submit to being cheated, make no distinction between friends and enemies, shun pleasure, sustain themselves on fasting, vigils, tears, toil, the humiliations, scorn life, and desire only death in short, they calculate to be dead to any normal feelings, as if their spirit dwelt elsewhere than in their body (p. 128 Erasmus).Folly deems Christians slightly mad because of their view on life, and how they are so focused on the spiritual and interminable that they barely live. Erasmus contradicts Biblical truths when he is speaking as folly and expresses that life would be meaningless without folly. Our world, peculiarly in the United States, relies on instant gratification, but the Bible clearly cones that those kinds of things will pass international and are not important. Erasmus challenges Biblical truths when he praises ignorance, self-loveand flattery. This goes directly against the Bible, which speaks out against these kinds of things. He exempts that the piousness of Christians is madness.In the second form, Folly takes the prominent professions of her time and shows their folly. She begins with merchants, who she describes as liars and thiefs yet they are still just citizens. Next she attacks a grammarian, He supposes hed be perfectly happy if he were allowed to live long enough to define precisely how the eight parts of speech should be distinguished, something in which no one writing in Greek or Latin has ever managed to be entirely successful. And and so if anyone treats a conjunction as a word with the force of an adverb, its a thing to go to war about (p. 80 Erasmus). Folly describes the schools as dirty and a waste of time. He believes the teachers teach useless information, but still feel important. He goes on to poets and rhetoricians and deems their professions purposeless.The narrators particular point is the church, as they roll their rock of Sisyphus and string together six hundred laws in the same breath, no matter whether relevant or not.However, their self-love keeps them happy, and three syllogisms arm them enough to go square(a) to battle on any subject and with any man (p. 84 Erasmus). These foolish men explain the mysteries of life and the Bible according to themselves. Even the monks exude folly. They take vows of poverty and claim to hate money, but still take part in other vices. This form of folly reminds us to not hide ourselves to make us look better. Just because a merchant is respectable profession, doesnt make that item merchant respectable. If a monk gives up his money, does that mean he has no other vices?why shouldnt I rightly be recognized and named the Alpha of all gods, when I dispense every wellbeing to all alike? (p. 19 Erasmus). Folly allows life to continue because men must become kooky fools to do it. Without her, she exclaims, couples would be married, and women would not repeat childbirth. Without the pleasure Folly gives to life, it would not be worth living. Folly accuses the stoics of attempting to keep all the pleasure for themselves while commanding others to avoid it. As an example, Folly uses childhood an d old age. Everyone loves children because they are foolish and innocent. Age and life experiences only fade their beauty and charm. Thus, in old age Folly recognizes a second childhood, freeing us from the worries of life. With old age comes foolishness and senility, which allows them to be happy.These freewheeling old people are practically more fun to be around, then a wise old person. Folly is the one thing which can halt fleeting youth and ward glum the relentless advance of old age (p. 25. Erasmus). Folly discovers that we use passion over reason, he (Jupiter) limit reason to a cramped corner of the head and left all the rest of the body to the passions. then he set up two raging tyrants in opposition to reasons hermit power anger, which holds sway in the breast and so controls the heart (p. 30 Erasmus). Folly is logical, when our human nature puts passion over reason. Folly concludes her praise of folly with a comparison to Platos, Allegory of the Cave. A man who lived in a cave by firelight his whole life, one day saw sunlight. But, the two men that remained in the cave, who would seem foolish, are equally as happy with what they believe is real.3.) Aristotle makes a better case for his outlook on human life. It is important for humans to feel important and feel like they belong and have a purpose. Aristotles idea of the one soul, not only offers a sense of mavin to the human race but also deepens the mystery of our existence. It is in contemplation that we specify happiness, whether we contemplate our future, our past, or the present. Human happiness is rooted in human interaction and contemplation allows us to create vulgarism and it develops culture. Although the truth of folly is important in understanding human incentives, it is in our intellect that we can find harmony. Folly in itself is a folly. It pokes fun at the ignorance of human lives. Being foolish is innate in our nature. When do people have the best times? When they laugh and f eel enjoyment from company. Our folly makes us human, it is necessary for our happiness. Erasmus presents folly as a much more bleak and pessimistic attribute.When Aristotle describes the soul it is much more pleasing. He stresses that sources/forces like God, are ineffable. These higher powers cannot be identified or described, but to believe in it reassures us that we are meant to be here. Without this mysterious force, who are we? Why are we here? It is our nature to feel wanted and have a purpose. We attempt to find this purpose through contemplation. This is a major aspect of human life. It forces us to look deeper and attempt to act morally. Humans are at their highest potential when they contemplate. Contemplation is a completely isolated process and helps us understand and perceive the world. This ability drives us and helps us advance. In personal experience, I find it is important to really think, ponder, and contemplate the things that make me happy. I can then decide if that is a practical thing to do or if I need to change what makes me happy. For example, drugs may make someone happy in their contemplation, but is that really what they want?Erasmus and Aristotle have contrasting outlooks on life. Erasmus is very realistic, sarcastic, and satirical. While Aristotle reaffirms that it is all right to contemplate the unknown. Aristotle brings us to higher train of thinking and helps us strive for a happier and morally active life.

Analysis of Competition on the Book “Maus”

Competition in Maus The obtain Maus addresses the issue of the Holocaust and tells the story of Vladek in detail, a gentleman who survived Auschwitz. However, one of the most striking things about the story is not the surviving issue, but how it reveals the relationship between Vladek and his password. Competition is everywhere in the story. In the first book Vladek had a competitive relationship with his son Artie, but throughout the story the competition falls into the hands of Artie and Richieu, the dead brother.Artie is unremittingly struggling with the blue relationship he has with his father. When talking to Pavel, Artie says No matter what I have accomplished, it doesnt seem like much compared to surviving Aushwitz (II, 45). Arties life experiences and those of his father are completely different and this difference seems to outgrowth the distance between them. People have different stories and backgrounds, but their skills and greatness cant be measured by one individ ual event, such as the Holocaust.Due to this eternal competition imposed by his father, Arties purpose for writing the book may have started in order to record family history, but this was a superficial cover attempting to overcome his deeper feelings of smallity he matte up while around his father. He love designateing off how handy he was and proving that anything I did was all wrong. He made me completely mental case about fixing stuff unitary reason I became an artist was that he thought it was impractical-just a waste of time It was an area where I wouldnt have to compete with him (I, 97).In fact, Artie did show his competence through writing the book and being fit to portrait his dads story so well. A passage that demonstrates how Vladek ceaselessly seems to be making Artie feel incompetent is when Vladek knocks over a his bottle of pills and blames it on Artie. Look flat what you made me do (I, 30). Even though Vladek knows it was his own fault, he doesnt desire to a dmit it. Then Artie tells him Okay, Ill re-count them later. 30), but Vladek replies saying that Artie doesnt know how to count his pills and adds Im an expert for this (30). These two quotes clearly show how Vladek is always trying to prove himself better than his son. Vladek neer gives Artie the chance to prove that he is capable of doing anything and this increases the distance between father and son. Another example of Vladeks prerequisite for dominance is shown when he accidently turn tails a plate and gets really upset. Artie tries to remedy the ituation and offers to do the dishes, but his father replies in his broken English, No. You can defrost out the turkey legs you still would break me the rest of my plates (II, 73). Vladek is always trying to give him easier jobs and wont admit that Artie is equally capable of anything because this would put a hole in his believability. With credibility comes dominance, and without it he loses it. If he loses his dominance over Arti e, this would free Artie from the comparison trap because he wouldnt feel inferior anymore.On the second book, Artie tells Francoise about Richieu and how his parents had always had a picture of the dead brother in their room, but never a picture of Artie. The photo never threw tantrums or got in any kind of trouble it was an sublime kid, and I was a pain the ass. I couldnt compete (II, 15). Due to this eternal competition with Richieu, Artie was caught in a competition trap that he struggled with his whole life. This boxed Artie in. Because everything he did was compared to an unrepeatable experience, Artie could never break out of the competition trap.This trap would always hold him back. Artie lived in a in the altogether time with new opportunities, but he still couldnt let go of this unspoken competition with his ghost brother. One of the most effective images in the novel was on the very last panel, when Vladek says Im tired from talking, Richieu, its enough stories for now (II 136). This scene illustrates the preference Vladek has for his first son, Richieu. In choosing this quote to be the last one in the book Artie displays that this competition with his brother has no end.The fact that Artie dedicated the book to Richieu is another display of this, that even though they never met, Vladek was able to bring Richieu alive in Arties life. This passage also demonstrates how much Vladek still wishes Richieu was on that point with him. It is definitely painful for Artie to be called Richieu. In addition to this last quote, Artie also chose to dedicate the book to Richieu, Vladek and Richieu felt the direct pain of the holocaust, and as much as Artie tried he would only be able to experience its indirect effects, and this would never hold up in any comparison.Sibling rivalry built up in Arties veins, but as most siblings have ways to exchange this equally, Artie was in a unequaled situation. Not only could he never experience the things Richieu did, he c ould never exchange any emotions. Richieu was only a photo, and yet Vladek always unconsciously made sure Richieus life affected Artie. Artie was never going to be good enough for his father, or his ghost brother. He was stuck in a constant competition with someone no longer living. Writing Maus was what he did to relieve what was forced on him.Most books pen about the holocaust are full of the direct effects, but his book took a new swag on the topic by focusing on the indirect effects. He would never stop competing with his brother. This is unornamented up to the last quote of the story when Vladek calls Artie by his dead brothers name, which just goes to show that Artie is still upset by this competition. Work Cited Spiegelman, Art. Maus A Survivors Tale, I My Father Bleeds History. New York Pantheon, 1986. Spiegelman, Art. Maus A Survivors Tale, II And Here my Troubles Began. New York Pantheon, 1986.